Drainage and Utilities uses MicroStation cells for two purposes.

• To represent utility nodes in 2D plan models
• To create 3D models of utility nodes

The cells are utilized as follows:

• The user defined cells are defined in an element template. The element template is then utilized in a feature definition, which defines presentation of the nodes in the plan, profile and 3D models.
• A 2D cell will define the desired plan space representation. If a cell is not defined for plan space then a generic shape is used.
• The 3D model will be defined by two 3D cells which define the top structure and vault of the node.
• Points of interest in the nodes (such as hydraulic center, insertion point and allowable connection points) will be defined by way of attributed elements in the cells.

The Plan Space Cell

In plan space the needs are as follows:

• Represent the basic shape of the node for purposes of laying out the nodes in relationship to surfaces and horizontal geometry.
• Serve as the graphical entity which is plotted on sheets, plans and reports of various sorts.

A MicroStation cell is used for this purpose. An example is shown below:

These are ordinary MicroStation 2D cells. The complexity of the graphic is dependent on user needs and preference. The examples above is a simple representation of a plan view catch basin which is a common usage, since they serve to provide a plan space indication of the position, shape and size of the grate only. These cells are normally drawn according to the real world size of the node.

Note the special designations in the plan cell. These are definitions made in the plan cell and created using construction class elements and a specific linestyle as follows:

• Cell Location point – construction class point element of linestyle 4 – defines the location of the node. For example, a node placed at a certain station and offset is measured to this point.
• Alignment Point and Alignment line – construction class elements of linestyle 3. The alignment points are defined in 2D and 3D cells and are used to align the different cells relative to each other in X,Y plane. The alignment line allows orientation of the multiple cells rotationally.

The plan cell is defined in the element template which is called by the feature definition for plan symbology.

Cells for 3D Model

The feature definition contains definitions for cells which are used to model the node in 3D. The necessary cells are as follows:

• A 3D MicroStation cell drawn in as much detail as a user desires which is an adequate model of the top of the node. "Top" is defined as the portion of the node above the pipe which always exists regardless of the height of the structure, in other words the minimum part that is always built. This may include grates, lids, slabs and other appurtenances. A more accurate model will also include a short segment of the vault so that the top cell will dimensionally match the vault cell.
• A 3D MicroStation cell drawn in as much detail as user desires which is an adequate model of the vault (bottom) of the node. This cell will also include any sumps which are part of the vault. The height of the vault cell will be modeled such as to create a node of minimum depth when joined with the top cell and tall enough to allow for the largest acceptable size of conduit expected to connect to the vault.

Example of a 3D structure with top and bottom cells combined:

Key Points and Regions Defined in the 3D Cells

Similar to the location and alignment points defined above in 2D cells, there are some needed definitions in the 3D cells as well.

A bottom cell defines the shapes and special points in the vault of a node structure:

• Alignment Point and Alignment line – construction class elements of linestyle 3. The alignment points are defined in 2D and 3D cells and are used to align the different cells relative to each other in X,Y plane. The alignment line allows orientation of the multiple cells rotationally. The start of the alignment line should be coincident with the alignment point. For a catch basin, the alignment line should be located in a direction that is perpendicular to the road edge, because this defines where the Road Cross Slope hydraulic property is measured.
• Connection Regions – these define locations on the face of the vault where conduits can connect. These are defined as construction class elements with line style 6.
  • For rectangular vaults a shape on the face of the bottom cell is used – If it is desired that pipes can connect only at specified points, then make a very narrow shape. Multiple regions can be defined per side if multiple pipes are allowed to connect.
  • For circular vaults a cone surface element on the face of the bottom cell is used – pipes can connect perpendicularly anywhere around the vault.
  • For either rectangular or circular vaults a point within the bottom cell can also be used. If a conduit that is connected to this point intersects a connection region, then it will be trimmed to it. This technique offers the advantage that the conduit connections often do not need to be adjusted if the node is moved or rotated - particularly if the connection point is in the centre of the node.
• Node Bottom Elevation Point – Construction class element with line style 5. The point at which elevations are determined. In bottom cell defines where the flow line elevation is measured. If a sump is required in the node, then this point would be set above the bottom of the node model.

A top cell defines the 3D model of the top of the node structure:

• Alignment Point and Alignment line – Construction class elements of linestyle 3. The alignment points are defined in 2D and 3D cells and are used to align the different cells relative to each other in X,Y plane. The alignment line allows orientation of the multiple cells rotationally.
• Node Top Elevation Point – Construction class element with line style 5. The point at which elevations are determined and also defines the hydraulic center. In top cell defines where the rim elevation is measured.
• Node Setting Out Point - Drainage properties include Set Out X, Set Out Y, and Set Out Elevation properties in the Geometry category. These properties are populated if a construction class point with line style 1 or 2 is present in the top cell. In both cases, the plan position of this point determines the X and Y coordinates. If the point is a line style 1, then the Set Out Elevation is calculated by finding the difference in elevation between the line style 1 point and the line style 5 point in the cell. This difference is applied to the Ground Elevation value. An example when this method can be used is when the Set Out location is along the gutter flow line, but the elevation is at the top of curb. If the point is a line style 2, then the Set Out Elevation is the elevation of the Elevation Reference at the XY position of the line style 2 point. If the Elevation Reference is not specified, then the Set Out Elevation is the same as the Ground Elevation.

The notes above describe the use of two 3D cells, which is normal for chambers. Each of the two cells includes a construction class, line style 5 point, which is used to define the elevation (either the rim or the flow line). An exception to this is for headwalls, as these are modelled using one 3D cell. In this case, the cell can include two construction class, line style 5 points. If it does, then the Default Height property in the feature definition for the headwall must be set to zero. This technique could be used for other types of node, such as a street light or traffic sign for example, where the height is fixed, and you want to be able to connect a conduit to it, at a specific depth.

How the 3D Model is Constructed

When a node is placed the 3D model is generated by:

• The 2D cell is placed in the plan model, using the location point to define its position. Rotation is about the location point.
• The bottom cell is placed in 3D using the Bottom Node Location Point at the flow line elevation. The alignment point and alignment line is matched to the alignment point/line in the 2D cell.
• The top 3D cell is placed in the 3D model:
  • The Node Elevation Point in the top cell uses the elevation derived for the node from the surface or reference feature.
  • The alignment point and alignment line is matched to the alignment point/line in the 2D cell.
  • The elevation point is aligned vertically with the Node Location point from the 2D cell.
• The bottom 3D cell is placed in the 3D model:
  • The Bottom Node Location Point is placed at the flow line elevation.
  • The alignment point and alignment line is matched to the alignment point/line in the 2D cell.
  • An extrusion is made from the bottom cell to the top cell to fill the gap between the 3D cells and thus allow variable height.

Setting Out Point Functionality

Setting out point is a point that indicates the Ground elevation of Node, which is normally at the lip of kerb, where the gutter tray and the road edge meet. This point can be used to add this data to properties, schedules, reports, and drawings. This point is above the node, and somewhere it lies on the elevation reference. To cater to both situations, use line style 1 or a line style 2 point.

1. Construction class line style 1 or 2 point can be used to specify the Set Out Point position, in the top 3D cell (but note that a node may only have one 3D cell - in which case check that for the existence of this point).
2. Write the XYZ coordinates of this point as UDX to the geometry category in the SUDA database, so that it will be shown in the properties, FlexTables, drawings etc.
3. Call the fields "Set Out X", "Set Out Y", and "Set Out Elevation".
4. Use the Haestad Coordinate and Elevation formatters for these fields.
5. If a line style 1 point is found, then for the Z value, find the difference in height between the line style 1 point and the line style 5 point in the cell, and apply this to the Ground Elevation value to calculate the Setting Out Z.
6. If a line style 2 point is found, then for the Z value, get the level from the Elevation Reference surface at the XY position of the line style 2 point to calculate the Setting Out Z. If the Elevation Reference is linear, then get the Z of the linear at a normal to the XY of the line style 2 point.
7. If you find both a line style 1 and a line style 2 point in the cell, then write values of 0 to the three Set Out fields.
8. If you don't find a line style 1 or a line style 2 point, then use the XY of the centre, and the Z of the ground elevation.
9. Do not use existing line style 3 or 5 points for the XY because it's very likely that they will be in incorrect XY or Z locations, to do what they're intended to do correctly. For example, the line style 5 point in the top cell is for the rim elevation, which needs to be at the XYZ where water that builds up in the node would come out. Similarly, the line style 3 point has to line up in all of the cells, and it's the centre point for rotation.

Summary

• Feature definitions for all node types will link to a series of Feature Symbologies.
• Feature Symbologies will link to a series of MicroStation Element Templates for symbology and presentation.
• The plan space template will include a 2D cell of user's design. This cell is placed in plan space for all plans production activities.
• The 3D presentation normally points to two templates.
  • The first defines a 3D cell that models the physical nature of the top of the node.
  • The second defines a 3D cell that models the physical nature of the bottom of the node.
  • The two cells are joined by extruding a slice of the bottom cell upwards to meet the top cell.
  • If the top cell is blank, then no extrusion is done and only the bottom cell is placed.
• The plan, top and bottom cells will contain various attributed elements to define key points and regions necessary for:
  • The creation of the node 3D structure.
  • Alignment of the 3 cells.
  • Defining connection of conduits.
  • Defining hydraulic key points.